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The 4 most
commonly used barcode types: EAN-13, UPC-A, Code 128, QR Code
1. EAN
Barcode
EAN, short for European Article Number, is a barcode protocol
and standard used in supermarkets and other retail industries.
EAN-13 is
established based on the UPC-A standard established by the
United States to meet the needs of international applications.
2. UPC
Barcode
The UPC-A barcode
is a barcode symbol used to track items in stores and is only
used in the United States and Canada. It consists of 12 digits
and each product has a unique code.
It was formulated
by the United States Uniform Code Council (now is GS1-US) in
1973, jointly developed with IBM, and has been in use since
1974.
3. Code 128
Barcode
The Code 128
barcode was developed by COMPUTER IDENTICS in 1981. It is a
variable-length, continuous alphanumeric barcode. It can encode
all 128 ASCII characters.
Code 128 barcode
consists of a blank area, a start mark, a data area, a check
character and a terminator. It has three subsets, namely A, B
and C, which can represent different character sets. It can also
achieve multi-level encoding through the selection of starting
characters, code set characters, and conversion characters.
It can encode all
128 ASCII characters, including numbers, letters, symbols and
control characters, so it can represent all characters on the
computer keyboard.
4. QR Code
QR Code was
invented in 1994 by a team led by Masahiro Harada of the
Japanese company Denso Wave, based on its original use for
marking car parts. It is a two-dimensional matrix barcode that
can be used for a variety of purposes.
Later, the
encoding and decoding rules of QR Code were formulated into
multiple international standards, such as AIM International, JIS
X 0510 and ISO/IEC 18004:2015.
The reason why QR
Code is used instead of one-dimensional barcode in some
situations is that QR Code has the following advantages:
QR Code can store
more information because it uses a two-dimensional square matrix
instead of one-dimensional lines. One-dimensional barcodes
usually only store a few dozen characters, while QR Codes can
store thousands of characters.
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